Chancellor Rachel Reeves is failing to fulfil her promise to kick-start growth, business leaders have said, after her Budget focused on £26bn of tax rises to fund higher welfare spending and increase her fiscal buffer.
Several chief executives said Reeves had done little to incentivise businesses to grow, other than by not implementing potential measures such as a tax raid on banks.
At the same time many companies face a steep increase in costs, including a sharp rise in the minimum wage contained in the Budget on Wednesday, as well as planned new laws to boost workers’ rights, and last April’s rise in employer national insurance contributions.
Reeves pledged in her first major speech after taking office that boosting growth would be a “national mission” for Labour, but business leaders found little evidence of her meeting this commitment in the Budget.
Andrew Murphy, chief executive of toy chain The Entertainer which has 165 stores across the UK, told the Financial Times that the Budget — and its multiple tax raising measures — was “the least bad that it could be”.
He went on to say that it was “bloody exhausting digesting this smorgasbord of stuff compared to the promises of big reform and big ideas [Labour] gave when they came in”.
Shevaun Haviland, director-general of the British Chambers of Commerce, expressed disappointment the Budget “did not provide a more compelling blueprint to deliver transformational growth”.
One FTSE 100 board director said: “In City terms, this is the chancellor offering a debt restructuring rather than providing an equity story for a listing . . . there was little ‘feel good’ factor.”
One chief executive of a FTSE 250 company added: “There is nothing for growth in this Budget, the only thing they have done is increase the size of the public sector again — which is not the side of the economy responsible for growth.”
The Office for Budget Responsibility said that none of the policy measures in the Budget had a “sufficiently material impact” to justify changes to its forecast for potential growth.
While the fiscal watchdog upgraded its GDP prediction for this year to 1.5 per cent, it went on to cut its outlook for the remainder of its forecast. Growth will be just 1.5 per cent in 2029, below the OBR’s previous prediction of 1.8 per cent in March.
Several industries were dissatisfied with Budget outcomes, including retail.
After supermarkets called on ministers to ditch plans for large retail premises to be included in the top band of business rates, the Treasury instead made concessions by setting the so-called multiplier — a key component in calculating the property-based tax — at a much lower level than expected.
However, inclusion of supermarkets’ large premises in the top bracket was meant to fund the government’s promise that it would make a temporary discount on business rates for small retail, hospitality and leisure businesses a permanent arrangement.
By reducing the multiplier for large premises, and therefore raising less in business rates, government documents revealed the discount will now be much smaller for small and medium sized enterprises.
Alex Probyn of global tax firm Ryan said the proposed business rates settlement meant the average small shop’s bill would rise by between 40 to 65 per cent next April, as the discount drops from 40 per cent to an average of 11 per cent.
Craig Beaumont, executive director of the Federation of Small Business, a trade body, said SMEs would be “disappointed to hear that their bills are going to be higher than thought”.
The gambling industry bore the brunt of the most explicit tax raid on business, despite Reeves offering a “rabbit” by exempting bingo halls from duties.
Gaming companies said it was not enough to cover the blow of the remote gaming duty, which applies to online casino and roulette games, rising from 21 per cent to 40 per cent. Other levies affecting the companies were also increased.
Flutter, Entain, Evoke and Rank Group said they would face a combined £790mn annual hit to their earnings from the new levies, once they are fully implemented from 2027, and be forced to pursue extreme cost cutting that would risk jobs and stores.
The Treasury had been leaning on companies to announce supportive investments in response to the Budget if they got what they wanted.
Lloyds Banking Group, Barclays and HSBC, which were spared from higher bank taxes, announced shortly after the Budget that they would make billions of pounds of finance available to UK companies and reduce mortgage costs for British households.
Reeves hosted a drinks reception on Wednesday evening with senior City executives, where she said her move to more than double her fiscal headroom demonstrated that she was restoring stability, according to people familiar with the meeting.
In an effort to encourage City figures — who included executives from NatWest, Lloyds, Goldman Sachs and Deutsche Bank — to sell the Budget to investors, she also touted her move to provide a stamp duty holiday to shares in new company listings on the London stock market.
One person briefed on the meeting said the mood among attendees was “a lot more positive and warmer than expected while the chancellor struck a confident tone”.
Another said it was “an obviously tricky Budget that seemed to have landed OK with the market so far. We may have been hoping for slightly stronger signals on addressing spending”.
Meanwhile, Alex Depledge, the government’s entrepreneurship adviser, highlighted the government’s proposals to help entrepreneurs through tax relief.
“Everyone accuses Labour of not having a growth story but this support for our scale-ups is part of the growth story — we need to back founders that are taking risks, building intellectual property and research and development because that’s where the good jobs and growth come from,” she said.
Additional reporting by Stephanie Stacey and Anjli Raval